{
  "version": 1,
  "scope": "Khufu-era inscriptions and glyph claims relevant to the Giza exhibit",
  "displayPolicy": {
    "knownInterior": "Known accessible Khufu chambers receive no formal pharaonic decoration; later visitor graffiti and conservation residues are not Fourth Dynasty decoration.",
    "facsimiles": "Only unaltered source photographs, published line drawings, or explicitly normalized sign sequences may be shown as evidence.",
    "aiGenerated": "AI-generated glyph shapes are never accepted as epigraphic evidence or displayed as a museum reconstruction.",
    "directionality": "A facsimile must preserve the source sign-facing direction. A left-to-right Unicode sequence is a catalog transcription, not a copy of an ancient layout.",
    "damage": "Lost or uncertain signs remain marked as damaged, supplied, or unknown; generated imagery must not fill them."
  },
  "standards": [
    {
      "id": "unicode-egyptian-hieroglyphs",
      "title": "Unicode Standard 17.0, Chapter 11.4: Egyptian Hieroglyphs",
      "url": "https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/core-spec/chapter-11/",
      "supports": "Gardiner-style identifiers, reading direction, sign mirroring, catalog-order limits, and two-dimensional layout rules"
    },
    {
      "id": "unicode-hieroglyph-format-controls",
      "title": "Unicode Egyptian Hieroglyph Format Controls names list",
      "url": "https://www.unicode.org/charts/nameslist/n_13430.html",
      "supports": "Quadrat grouping, insertion, overlay, mirroring, and enclosure controls needed beyond a plain row of signs"
    }
  ],
  "entries": [
    {
      "id": "khufu-nomen-normalized",
      "label": "Khufu",
      "reading": "Ḫwfw",
      "phoneticSequence": "ḫ-w-f-w",
      "kind": "normalized-modern-sign-sequence",
      "gardiner": ["Aa1", "G43", "I9", "G43"],
      "unicodeCodePoints": ["U+1340D", "U+13171", "U+13191", "U+13171"],
      "signValues": ["ḫ", "w", "f", "w"],
      "translation": "Royal nomen; no speculative etymological translation is used in the exhibit.",
      "displayCaution": "This normalized reading is not a facsimile of a particular ancient occurrence, quadrat layout, hand, color, or degree of damage.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Digital Giza: Khufu authority record",
          "url": "https://giza.fas.harvard.edu/ancientpeople/202/full/",
          "supports": "Khufu identity, Horus name Medjedu, and full birth-name Khnum-Khufu"
        },
        {
          "title": "Perring and Birch: quarry marks in the Great Pyramid",
          "url": "https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/perring1839bd1/0005",
          "supports": "Primary publication of the red quarry marks and phonetic royal name"
        },
        {
          "title": "Unicode Egyptian Hieroglyph names list",
          "url": "https://www.unicode.org/charts/nameslist/n_13000.html",
          "supports": "Gardiner-to-code-point mapping and phonetic values"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "akhet-khufu-fragment",
      "label": "Akhet-Khufu",
      "reading": "Ꜣḫt-Ḫwfw",
      "translation": "Horizon of Khufu",
      "kind": "fragmentary-building-inscription",
      "readingStatus": "scholarly-restoration",
      "object": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art 22.1.25",
      "normalizedComponents": [
        {
          "reading": "ꜣḫt",
          "meaning": "horizon",
          "gardiner": "N27",
          "unicodeCodePoint": "U+1320C"
        },
        {
          "reading": "Ḫwfw",
          "meaning": "Khufu",
          "gardinerSequence": ["Aa1", "G43", "I9", "G43"]
        }
      ],
      "damageStatement": "The stone preserves only sections of three columns. Goedicke supplies [Horizon-of] in brackets; missing signs and their spatial arrangement must not be reconstructed as if preserved.",
      "provenanceCaution": "The block was excavated reused in Amenemhat I's pyramid complex at Lisht. Goedicke proposes Khufu's Valley Temple at Giza as its original location, with a question mark.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "The Met object 551275",
          "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/551275",
          "supports": "Object identity, dimensions, material, date, and excavated provenance"
        },
        {
          "title": "Goedicke, Re-Used Blocks from the Pyramid of Amenemhet I at Lisht",
          "url": "https://www.metmuseum.org/met-publications/re-used-blocks-from-the-pyramid-of-amenemhet-i-at-lisht",
          "supports": "Published line drawing, partial translation, and uncertain proposed original context"
        },
        {
          "title": "Unicode Egyptian Hieroglyph names list",
          "url": "https://www.unicode.org/charts/nameslist/n_13000.html",
          "supports": "N27 as the horizon logogram and normalized code-point mapping"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "khufu-relieving-chamber-marks",
      "label": "Relieving-chamber builders' marks",
      "kind": "construction-quarry-marks",
      "medium": "red paint",
      "location": "construction chambers above the King's Chamber",
      "access": "not part of the normal visitor route",
      "interpretation": "Work-gang, quarry, orientation, and control marks include royal-name occurrences; they are construction evidence, not a decorative wall-text program.",
      "displayCaution": "Use source facsimiles or published drawings only. Do not clean up, regularize, color-complete, or relocate these marks into the accessible chambers.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Perring, The Pyramids of Gizeh, volume 1",
          "url": "https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/perring1839bd1/0005",
          "supports": "Earliest detailed publication and classification as red quarry marks"
        },
        {
          "title": "Roth, Egyptian Phyles in the Old Kingdom",
          "url": "https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/saoc48.pdf",
          "supports": "Scholarly analysis of work-gang names and their distribution in the relieving chambers"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "giza-pyramid-text-policy",
      "label": "No Pyramid Texts in the Giza royal pyramids",
      "kind": "negative-evidence-policy",
      "statement": "The Giza royal pyramids did not carry the later Pyramid Text program. Monumental Pyramid Texts begin with Unas in Dynasty 5.",
      "displayCaution": "Do not import Pyramid Texts, New Kingdom tomb painting, or generic hieroglyph wallpaper into Khufu's chambers.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Hawass, The Architectural Development of the Egyptian Royal Tomb",
          "url": "https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/documents/hawass_treasures_046-049.pdf",
          "supports": "Pyramid Texts first appear on interior pyramid walls under Unas at the end of Dynasty 5"
        },
        {
          "title": "Smarthistory: Ancient Egyptian mortuary texts",
          "url": "https://smarthistory.org/ancient-egyptian-mortuary-texts/",
          "supports": "Public-facing chronology and distinction among Egyptian mortuary-text traditions"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "rejectedAssets": [
    {
      "path": "assets/generated/khufu-relief-restoration.png",
      "status": "rejected-epigraphically-unreliable",
      "reason": "The generated study regularizes damage, adds unattested color, and invents complete sign arrangements not present on Met 22.1.25.",
      "runtimeRole": "none"
    }
  ]
}